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Public holidays in the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as bank holidays, are days where most businesses and non - essential services are closed although an increasing number of retail businesses (especially the larger ones) do open on some of the public holidays. There are restrictions on trading on Sundays and Christmas Day. Four public holidays are common to all countries of the United Kingdom. These are: New Year's Day, the first Monday in May, Christmas Day, and Boxing Day. Some banks open on some bank holidays. In Scotland, while New Year's Day and Christmas Day are national holidays, other bank holidays are not necessarily public holidays, since the Scots instead observe traditional local custom and practice for their public holidays. In Northern Ireland, once again, bank holidays other than New Year's Day and Christmas Day are not necessarily public holidays. Good Friday and Christmas Day are common law holidays, except in Scotland, where they are bank holidays.〔(UK Bank Holidays ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(Why are bank holidays called bank holidays ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(When is the next Bank Holiday? ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(Department for Business Innovation & Skills: Bank holidays and British summertime ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 In Scotland the holiday on 1 January (or 2 January if 1 January is Sunday) is statutory. If New Year's Day is Saturday a substitute holiday is given on 4 January by Royal Proclamation. 2 January is given by Royal Proclamation, with a substitute holiday on 4 January if it is Saturday and 3 January if it is Sunday or Monday. Outside Scotland, 1 January is given by Royal Proclamation, or 3 January if it is Saturday and 2 January if it is Sunday. In Scotland, 25 December is a statutory holiday (or 26 December if Christmas Day falls on a Sunday). 26 December is given by Royal Proclamation if it is neither Saturday, Sunday or Monday. 27 and 28 December are given by Royal Proclamation if Christmas Day is Saturday. 28 December only is given if Boxing Day is Saturday. Outside Scotland, if Christmas Day is a Sunday there is an additional statutory holiday on 27 December. By Royal Proclamation, if Christmas Day is a Saturday there is a substitute holiday on 28 December. If Boxing Day is a Sunday there is again a statutory holiday on 27 December, and if Boxing Day is a Saturday there is a substitute holiday by Royal Proclamation on 28 December. Effectively what happens is that if a holiday falls at the weekend a substitute day is given in lieu. Like Denmark, the United Kingdom has no national day holiday marked and/or celebrated for its formal founding date. Increasingly, there are calls for public holidays on the patron saints' days in England, Scotland and Wales (Northern Ireland already has St Patrick's Day as a holiday). An online petition sent to the Prime Minister received 11,000 signatures for a public holiday in Wales on St. David's Day; the Scottish Parliament has passed a bill creating a public holiday on St. Andrew's Day although it must be taken in lieu of another public holiday;〔(St Andrew's Day Bill )〕 campaigners in England are calling for a bank holiday on St. George's Day; and in Cornwall, there are calls for a public holiday on St. Piran's Day. ==Difference== The two terms are often used interchangeably, although strictly and legally there is a difference. A (government website ) describes the difference as follows: Bank holidays may be declared in two ways: * by statute (Statutory holidays) - Holidays specifically listed in the (Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, Schedule 1 ).〔(Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 ), Sec.1(1), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 * by Royal proclamation - This has been used for annual bank holidays created since 1971, and is also used to move a bank holiday in a given year,〔(Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 ), Sec.1(2), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 and to create extra one-off bank holidays for special occasions.〔(Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 ), Sec.1(3), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 (The Act does not provide for a bank holiday to be suppressed by royal proclamation without appointing another day in its place).〔(- Bank holidays and British Summer Time ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 Unlike the USA, where public holidays falling on a Saturday are sometimes observed on the preceding Friday, British public holidays are always moved to a ''later'' date, not an earlier one).〔(UK Bank Holidays ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(Why are bank holidays called bank holidays ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(When is the next Bank Holiday? ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕〔(Department for Business Innovation & Skills: Bank holidays and British summertime ), Retrieved 2011-10-26〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Public holidays in the United Kingdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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